What Is the Relationship Between the LOF and LOS Alarms?

How to detect LOF and LOS alarms and what is the relationship between these two alarms? What alarm is generated if optical fibers are removed when the Huawei MA5606T or MA5652G serves as an Huawei ONU?

LOF indicates loss of frame. When such an alarm is generated, the ONU can receive optical signals. LOS indicates loss of signal. When such an alarm is generated, the ONU fails to receive optical signals. The mechanisms of detecting LOFi and LOSi alarms are as follows:

• LOFi: If four consecutive frames of an OLT fail to locate an upstream frame of an ONU, the LOFi alarm is generated and the ONU goes offline.
• LOSi: If four consecutive frames of an OLT MA5600T fail to receive an upstream optical signal of an ONU, the LOFi alarm is generated and the ONU goes offline.

The relationship between the LOF and LOS alarms is as follows:

• Use an optical attenuator to test the ATM 155/622 Mbit/s optical port and increase the attenuation gradually. It is found that the alarm status changes as follows: normal -> SD -> LOF -> LOS. This indicates that after LOF is generated, if the attenuation is increased further, no optical signal is received and LOS is generated. If an optical fiber is removed, LOF may be generated first and then LOS, which is related to the alarm detection mechanism. The LOSi, LOFi, and LCDGi alarms are detected in the time window mode. In the first several detections, if the time window detects the threshold for frame losing, the LOFi alarm will be generated.
• If the PON line generates an LOF alarm, LOS will not be generated. This is because the PON port uses the time division system. If an LOF alarm is generated, the ONT goes offline and then the OLT does not assign the timeslot (bandwidth) to the ONU. Therefore, the OLT does not detect whether the ONT transmits upstream optical signals and an LOS alarm is not generated.
• If LOS is generated, LOF/SD will be suppressed. This is because LOS is the alarm of the highest severity.

When the MA5606T and MA5652G serve as an ONU MA5628 and the optical patch is normal, LOS is generated when an optical fiber is removed.

What are the Highlights of Huawei SmartAX MA5600T/MA5603T/MA5608T Product (2)

Aggregation Management for Remote Sites

Huawei OLT supports aggregation management and plug-and-play for remote sites. This eliminates the needs of onsite software commissioning and OSS system integration, which simplifies device management.
The management of remote devices is concentrated on the OLT through the GE aggregation. In this way, the service configuration, software upgrade, and maintenance for remote sites can be implemented using the OLT, which greatly reduces the management complexity of an FTTx network.

Seamless Migration for PSTN Networks

The MA5600T/MA5603T/MA5608T provides access for various traditional services, enabling a PSTN network seamlessly evolve to an IP network.

Smooth Evolution from GPON to 10G GPON

By adding the WDM1r component, the MA5600T/MA5603T can be smoothly upgraded from GPON to 10G GPON.
Carriers can newly construct a 10G GPON network or upgrade a GPON network to a 10G GPON network. Specifically, the WDM1r component is added to the OLT so that GPON and 10G GPON signals can be transmitted over the same ODN in the multiplexing mode.

What Is the Relationship Between the LOF and LOS Alarms?

How to detect LOF and LOS alarms and what is the relationship between these two alarms? What alarm is generated if optical fibers are removed when Huawei MA5606T or MA5652G serves as an Huawei ONU?

LOF indicates loss of frame. When such an alarm is generated, the ONU can receive optical signals. LOS indicates loss of signal. When such an alarm is generated, the ONU fails to receive optical signals. The mechanisms of detecting LOFi and LOSi alarms are as follows:

• LOFi: If four consecutive frames of an OLT fail to locate an upstream frame of an ONU, the LOFi alarm is generated and the ONU goes offline.
• LOSi: If four consecutive frames of Huawei OLT fail to receive an upstream optical signal of an ONU, the LOFi alarm is generated and the ONU goes offline.

The relationship between the LOF and LOS alarms is as follows:

• Use an optical attenuator to test the ATM 155/622 Mbit/s optical port and increase the attenuation gradually. It is found that the alarm status changes as follows: normal -> SD -> LOF -> LOS. This indicates that after LOF is generated, if the attenuation is increased further, no optical signal is received and LOS is generated. If an optical fiber is removed, LOF may be generated first and then LOS, which is related to the alarm detection mechanism. The LOSi, LOFi, and LCDGi alarms are detected in the time window mode. In the first several detections, if the time window detects the threshold for frame losing, the LOFi alarm will be generated.
• If the PON line generates an LOF alarm, LOS will not be generated. This is because the PON port uses the time division system. If an LOF alarm is generated, the ONT goes offline and then the OLT like MA5603T does not assign the timeslot (bandwidth) to the ONU. Therefore, the OLT does not detect whether the ONT transmits upstream optical signals and an LOS alarm is not generated.
• If LOS is generated, LOF/SD will be suppressed. This is because LOS is the alarm of the highest severity.

When the MA5606T and MA5652G serve as an ONU and the optical patch is normal, LOS is generated when an optical fiber is removed.

Multiple services in multiple VLANs Service Networking (GPON/10G GPON)

In home service (VLAN tag transparent transmission) networking, a distributed converged
cable access platform (D-CCAP) connects to cable modems (CMs) at user homes through
radio frequency (RF) ports and provides home services for users, including the cable TV
(CATV) service, Internet access service, and VoD service. This section describes how to
configure the optical line terminal (OLT MA5600T)  to provision the home services.

Service Requirements
Users require the provisioning of the broadcast and TV services, Internet access service, and
VoD service. Broadcast and TV services can be provisioned immediately after the distributed
converged cable access platform (D-CCAP) hardware is connected. This section only
describes how to configure the Internet access service, and VoD service.

Usage Scenario
Some carriers deploy HGWs on the lower-layer of CMs. The HGWs add different VLAN tags
to packets based on service types. This requires that the CMCs support transparent
transmission of VLAN tags. As shown in Figure 9-17, a D-CCAP is deployed on an optical
node and cable modems (CMs) are deployed at user homes. The CMs connect to radio
frequency (RF) ports on the MA5633 through cables.
-Port 1 on CM connects to a PC to provide the Internet access service. A set top box
(STB) connects to the distributor to provide a backhaul channel for the VoD service.
-Users access the Internet through Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) dialup.
-The IP addresses of the CM, STB, and PC are assigned by the DHCP server and in
different network segments.
-The D-CCAP is used as a GPON remote extended frame. This reduces D-CCAP
management and maintenance costs and simplifies configurations.

Home service networking (VLAN tag transparent transmission)

Configuration Process

Configuration roadmap for the home service networking

1, Add a remote extended frame to the OLT.

An MA5633 that works as a remote extended frame connects to a port on a cascading board of an Huawei optical line terminal (OLT). You can configure the remote extended frame only after adding it to the

OLT.

2, Configure radio frequency (RF) port parameters (DOCSIS 3.0). Configure radio frequency (RF)

port parameters (DOCSIS 3.1). Radio frequency (RF) port parameters define the frequency spectrum range for signal transmission and modulation mode.

The configuration of RF port parameters implements data service transmission over

cables. RF port parameters can be configured using either of the following methods:

-Use a cable initialization profile to configure the parameters.

-Customize the parameters in cable mode.

3, Configure the high-speed Internet (HSI) service.

4, Configure the DOCSIS VoD service.

If Huawei ONU MA5633 is not equipped with a built-in EQAM module, the MA5633 uses DOCSIS channels to transmit VoD data.

If the MA5633 is equipped with a builtin EQAM module, the MA5633 sets idle downstream DOCSIS channels as EQAM channels to transmit VoD data.

The DOCSIS VoD service and the EQAM VoD service are generally not concurrently used. 

5, Verify the configured services.

An OLT supports multiple remote service verification methods. This allows commissioning and configuration engineers to remotely verify services.

1. A DHCP dialup emulation test checks whether the OLT can communicate with the DHCP server and verifies CM DHCP configurations on the DHCP relay, proxy, and server.

2. The status of a CM can be queried. Based on the information, you can determine whether the CM is online.

How to configure GPON Type B Single-Homing Protection?

This section describes how to configure GPON type B single-homing protection on an OLT to implement GPON port 1+1 redundancy backup, which ensures that services are not interrupted if a fault occurs on the OLT's PON port or backbone fiber.

Precautions
After GPON type B single-homing protection is configured, the service configurations on an Huawei optical network unit (ONU) remain unchanged and data is transmitted or received over the primary GPON port.
The GPON type B protection function is incompatible with the GPON type C protection functions. Only one of the two functions can be enabled on a network.

Procedure
Step 1 Run the protect-group command to create a protection group for GPON access ports.
Step 2 Run the protect-group member command to add a protection member to the protection group.
Step 3 Run the protect-group enable command to enable the protection group.
A created protection group is disabled by default.
Step 4 Run the display protect-group command to query the information about the protection group and all the members in the protection group.

Result
After the configuration, the primary GPON port on Huawei OLT works in active mode and the secondary GPON port works in standby mode.
An automatic switching can be triggered by any of the following conditions:
OLT GPON port failureuyi
Fractures of optical fibers
Quality deterioration of lines
For a type-B inter-board protection group, if an the customer needs to change the board that houses the active PON port, trigger type-B protection switching to activate the standby PON port, and then migrate the to-be-migrated PON port to the target board.

Example
The following configurations are used as an example to configure GPON type B single-homing protection on the OLT:
Protection group members: 0/2/0 and 0/2/1 (on the same GPON service board)
Primary port: 0/2/0
Secondary port: 0/2/1

The following configurations are used as an example to configure type B single-homing protection on the OLT:
Protection group members: 0/3/1 and 0/4/1 (on different GPON service boards)
Primary port: 0/3/1
Secondary port: 0/4/1

Network Applications of TDM PWE3 and ETH PWE3

Network Applications of TDM PWE3

For details on the corresponding clock solution of the TDM service, see 26.5 Physical Layer
Clock/Time Synchronization.
Network application: converting the native TDM service into the E1 service for upstream
transmission
As shown in Figure, the mobile 2G base station is connected to the ONU through
TDM E1. Huawei ONU encapsulates the TDM frame into the GPON GEM frame directly to
transmit TDM service over Huawei GPON network (native TDM). The OLT terminates the
TDM PWE3 signals and transmits the signals to the upstream network through the E1
port.

Network application: converting the TDM PWE3 service into the E1 service for
upstream transmission

Network Applications of ETH PWE3
Network application: implementing PWE3 private line upstream transmission in FE/GE
access
As shown in Figure, the enterprise router is connected to the OLT MA5600T through FE/GE.
The OLT interconnects with the peer ETH PWE3 device of the enterprise through the
ETH PWE3 private line to implement the ETH private line service.
Figure 8-27 Network application: implementing PWE3 private line upstream transmission in
FE/GE access

How to configure SIP Voice Service on Huawei ONU?

How to configure voice services based on the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) on an optical network unit (ONU). The voice over IP (VoIP) services have high quality, but require low cost.

Prerequisites

• The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) interface data and public switched telephone network (PSTN) user data corresponding to the SIP interface is configured on the IMS.
• Status of the voice board on Huawei ONU is normal. (To verify board status, run the display board 0 command.)

Precautions

1. An ONU like MA5822 24FE+24POTS supports both the H.248 and SIP protocols; however, these two protocols are mutually exclusive. You can run the display protocol support command to query the

currently supported voice protocol.

2. If the voice protocol needs to be switched, you need to delete the global digitmap and the

MG interface (under H.248 protocol) or SIP interface (under SIP protocol) first and run

the protocol support command to switch the protocol. After the configuration is

complete, save the configuration and restart the system to make the configured protocol

take effect.

Procedure

Step 1 Log in to and configure the ONU.

You can remote log in to the ONU from Huawei OLT to perform the configuration. The user name

is root and the password is admin123.

Step 2 Configure the upstream VLAN interface.

Specify the upstream VLAN interface for the media stream and the signaling flows and

configure the IP addresses of the Layer 3 interface. These IP addresses are the sources of the

IP address pools for the media stream and the signaling flows.

1. Create an upstream VLAN.

The VLAN ID is 200 and the VLAN is a smart VLAN.

huawei(config)#vlan 200 smart

2. Add the upstream port to the created upstream VLAN.

Add upstream port 0/0/1 to VLAN 2000.

huawei(config)#port vlan 200 0/0 1

3. Configure the IP address of the Layer 3 interface.

Enter the VLAN interface mode and configure the lP address of the Layer 3 interface to

10.10.10.10

huawei(config)#interface vlanif 200

huawei(config-if-vlanif200)#ip address 10.10.10.10 24

huawei(config-if-vlanif200)#quit

Step 3 Configure the media and signaling IP address pools.

Set the media IP address and signaling IP address to 10.10.10.10, and the media gateway to

10.10.10.1.

huawei(config)#voip

huawei(config-voip)#ip address media 10.10.10.10 10.10.10.1

huawei(config-voip)#ip address signaling 10.10.10.10

huawei(config-voip)#quit

Step 4 Configure static routes.

Because the IP address of the VLAN interface and that of the IMS (200.200.200.200/24) are

in different network segments, the configured routes must be from gateway 10.10.10.1 to the

network segment 200.200.200.0.

huawei(config)#ip route-static 200.200.200.0 24 10.10.10.1

Step 5 Add an SIP interface.

The SIP interface is used for IMS communication.

huawei(config)#interface sip 0

Are you sure to add the SIP interface?(y/n)[n]:y

Step 6 Configure the basic attributes of the SIP interface.

huawei(config-if-sip-0)#if-sip attribute basic media-ip 10.10.10.10 signal-ip

10.10.10.10 signal-port 5060 transfer udp primary-proxy-ip1 200.200.200.200

primary-proxy-port 5060 home-domain huawei sipprofile-index 1

Step 7 (Optional) Configure the optional attributes of the SIP interface.

Run the if-sip attribute optional command to configure the optional attributes, including the

domain name, description, register server uniform resource identifier (URI), phone context,

and conference factory URI of the SIP interface.

Step 8 Reset the SIP interface.

huawei(config-if-sip-0)#reset

Are you sure to reset the SIP interface?(y/n)[n]:y

huawei(config-if-sip-0)#quit

Step 9 Configure the SIP PSTN user data.

Configure in batches the phone numbers of users 0/3/0-0/3/15 to 83110001-83110016.

l To configure the data of a single SIP PSTN user, run the sippstnuser add command.

l To configure the data of multiple SIP PSTN users in batches, run the sippstnuser batadd command.

huawei(config)#esl user

huawei(config-esl-user)#sippstnuser batadd 0/3/0 0/3/15 0 telno 83110001

Step 10 Configure call priorities for SIP PSTN users.

huawei(config-esl-user)#sippstnuser attribute set 0/3/0 priority cat2

huawei(config-esl-user)#quit

Step 11 Configure all the PSTN ports to support polarity reversal.

Configure the physical attributes of the PSTN port to which the users belong to support

polarity reversal so that the user supports polarity reversal accounting.

huawei(config)#pstnport

huawei(config-pstnport)#pstnport attribute batset 0/3/0 0/3/15 reverse-pole-pulse

enable

huawei(config-pstnport)#quit

Step 12 Save the data.

huawei(config)#save

History of 10 GPON Technology Evolution

What Is 10G GPON?

• 10G GPON is evolved from the existing GPON technology, the factors promoting the technology evolution to Huawei 10G GPON are as follows:
• Developing services require higher bandwidths and the GPON technology cannot meet bandwidth requirements.
• Innovative access technologies on the user side require higher bandwidths and the GPON technology will face bandwidth bottlenecks.
•  A greater split ratio and a longer transmission distance increase network construction investments.

GPON Technology Evolution Roadmap

XG-PON, provides asymmetric 10G GPON transmission (Maximum downstream line rate: 9.953 Gbit/s, Maximum upstream line rate: 2.488 Gbit/s ).
XGS-PON, provides symmetric 10G GPON transmission (Maximum downstream line rate: 9.953 Gbit/s, Maximum upstream line rate: 9.953 Gbit/s ).
TWDM PON, provides symmetric 40G GPON transmission ( Maximum downstream line rate: 40 Gbit/s, Maximum upstream line rate: 40 Gbit/s ).

Standard Formulation Progress
In 2004, International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) Q2 started to research and analyze the possibility of evolving GPON to XG PON.
In September 2007, Q2 officially released the enhanced wavelength plan to standardize the coexistence of GPON and XG PON.

In November 2007, Q2 confirmed the XG PON standardization roadmap. With the goal of achieving low cost, high capacity, wide coverage, full service, and high communication capability, Q2 sped up the researching and finalizing of the XG PON standard.
In October 2009, Q2 officially released the phase 1 text for the XG PON standard during the SG15 plenary meeting. The text contained overall requirements for XG PON (G.987.1) and physical-layer physical media dependent (PMD) standard (G.987.2).
In June 2010, Q2 released the convergence-layer GPON transmission convergence (GTC) standard (G.987.3) and the management-layer optical network terminal management and control interface (OMCI) standard (G.988) for XG PON.

A 10G GPON network is of the point-to-multipoint (P2MP) type, which is the same as that of a GPON network.

10G GPON network contains an optical line terminal (OLT) Huawei MA800, optical network units

(ONUs), and an optical distribution network (ODN).

The Optical line terminal (OLT) is an aggregation device located at the central office

(CO) for terminating the PON protocol.

Optical network units (ONUs) are located on the user side, providing various types of

ports for connecting to user terminals.

The Optical distribution network (ODN) is composed of passive optical components

(POS) such as optical fibers, and one or more passive optical splitters. It interconnects

the OLT and ONUs.

How to Configuring the P2P Optical Fiber Access Service?

Point-to-point (P2P) optical access means the point-to-point FTTx access based on the combination between their P2P optical access board and the ONUs. So as to satisfy the users' requirements for the next generation access equipment which integrates video Voice, and data services.

Configuring the FTTH P2P Optical Fiber Access Service

Users connected to the OLT through an ONT, and are are provided with the Internet, VoIP, and IPTV service through a same port.

Service Requirements

• ONT_1 and ONT_2 are provided with the triple play service through FTTH .
• The Internet access service is provided in the PPPoE access mode.
• The IPTV users connected to ONT_1 can watch all the programs, and the IPTV user connected to ONT_2 can watch only program BTV-1.
• The VoIP service and the IPTV service are provided in the DHCP mode and obtain IP addresses from the DHCP server in the DHCP option-60 mode.
• After receiving different traffic streams, the OLT provides different QoS guarantees to the traffic layers according to the priorities of the traffic streams.
• Traffic streams are differentiated on the OLT by the user-side VLAN (C-VLAN).
  

Prerequisite

• The OLT is connected to the upper-layer devices such as the BRAS, multicast server, SoftX3000, and DHCP server.
• The VLAN of the LAN switch port connected to the OLT is the same as the upstream VLAN of the OLT.

Procedure

1, Configure the Internet access service on the OLT.

2, Configure the VoIP service on the OLT.

3, Configure the IPTV service on the OLT.

Result

After the related upstream device and downstream device are configured, the triple play service (Internet, VoIP, and IPTV services) is available.

The Internet user can access the Internet in the PPPoE mode.

The VoIP user can make and receive phone calls.

The IPTV user connected to port 0/5/2 can watch all the programs, and the IPTV user connected to port 0/5/3 can watch only program BTV-1.

Configuring MDUs Cascaded to an OLT

MDUs are cascaded to an Huawei MA5800 through the P2P board, derived savings upstream optical fibers and simplifying the network and service configuration.

Service Requirements

MDU_1 and MDU_2 are connected to an OLT through GE cascading, implementing the Internet access service.

The Internet access service is provided in the PPPoE dialing mode.

Procedure

Configure the OLT.

Configure the MDUs.

The configurations of MDU_1 and MDU_2 are the same. The configuration of MDU_1 is used as an example.

A. Create a VLAN and add an upstream port to the VLAN.

SmartAX MA5800 Multi-service Access Module

Feature Guide 4 P2P Optical Access

Issue 02 (2017-01-20) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Create smart SVLAN 200. The upstream port is port 0/0/1.

The security of the ASU is to be the same as the CVLAN of Huawei OLT. Huawei (config) #vlan 200 smart huawei (config) #port vlan 200 0/0 1

B. Configure a service port.

According to the actual conditions, an MDU supports multiple access modes. In this example, the Ethernet port 0/3/1 is used. For other access modes, see the corresponding configuration guide of the MDU. Huawei (config) # service-port Vlan 200 eth 0/3/1 multi-service user-vlan untagged rx-cttr 6 tx-cttr 6

C. Save the data. Huawei (config) #save

How to Turn on the Debug Switch in DC Server Process?

Issue Description

Q:
How to turn on the debug switch in the DC Server process?

Alarm Information

Null

Handling Process

A:
There are two methods to turn on the debug switch in the DC Server process:
I. Find the DC_DEBUGINFO_SWITCH parameter in the $n2000\server\conf\dc.cfg file (under the n2000 installation directory):
#For debugging the data center
  DC_DEBUGINFO_SWITCH = 1
1: indicates starting the system monitor; 0: indicates closing the system monitoring function
Modify the parameter to 1 to turn on the debug switch. After several operations resulting in the DCServer faults, two log files containing the DC field will be generated under $n2000/server/log.
DC_UA5000G_Alarm_Info.log0 and DC_172.20.17.70-161_Info.log0 (172.20.17.70 refers to the IP address of the operated device in the DCServer),
After collecting the debug information, you are recommended to turn off the switch timely to avoid generating further log files.
2. Operate as per the following steps:
telnet 10.71.61.45 9810  
Firstly, telnet to the port 9810 of the NM server. 10.71.61.45 corresponds to the IP address of the NM server
 iMAP>setdbg
 ProcessID : 148       (The internal process number corresponding to the DCServer)
 Scope(format is "module_submodule". default, all module) ://enter
 Debug level as following:
 0, None;
 1, Error.
 2, Error and Warning.
 3, Error Warning and Info.
 Please select level : 3
 Debug output orient as following: 
 0, Standard output.
 1, file.
 2, share memory.
3, EmfExamDm.
Please select orient : 1
 Setting succeeded!  
After several operations resulting in the DC Server fault, stop the debug switch.
iMAP>setdbg
Process ID : 148
Scope(format is "module_submodule". default, all module) :
Debug level as following:
0, Null;
1, Error.
2, Error and Warning.
3, Error Warning and Info.
Please select level : 0
Debug output orient as following:
0, Standard output.
1, file.
2, share memory.
3, EmfExamDm.
Please select orient : 0
Setting succeeded! 
Obtain the debug information about the DCServer process generated under $n2000/server/debug.
3. The information generated from the first method is less and easier for analysis, so the Method 1is normally used to identify general problems. The second method can generate more information, so it is more complicated for analysis, and often used to identify difficult problems. 

Root Cause

In the event of some unpredictable errors during the device operation in the DC Server, such as upgrade failure or patching failure, you can turn on the debug switch in the DC Server process to collect the debug information to identify the cause of the fault. 

Suggestions

Null

More related:

Introduction to MSTP_Prelude_Overview and History

How To Reset Huawei OLT MA5600T Series Equipment Password

Implementation of TR069 protocol in MA5600 series

Optical attenuation is too large lead to ONU recovery failure

Ethernet Basics_GFP, VCAT, and LCAS-V1.0

Burst Optical/Electrical Technology on Huawei MA5600T MA5800

TDMA is used in GPON upstream direction. An ONU transmits data only within the allocated timeslots. In the timeslots that are not allocated to it, the ONU immediately disables the transmission of its optical transceiver to prevent other ONUs from being affected. The OLT then receives the upstream data from each ONU in a burst manner based on timeslots. Therefore, both OLT and ONU optical modules must support burst receive and transmit function to ensure normal running of the GPON system. Figure 2-16 shows the burst transmit function supported by ONU optical modules, and Figure 2-17 shows the burst receive function supported by Huawei MA5600T optical modules.

Ranging can be implemented to prevent cells transmitted by different ONUs from conflicting with each other on Huawei OLT MA5800. However, the ranging accuracy is ± 1 bit and the cells transmitted by different ONUs have a protection time of several bits (not a multiple of 1 bit). If the ONU optical modules do not support the burst receive and transmit function, the transmitted signals overlap and distortion occurs.

• The distance from each ONU to the OLT varies and therefore the optical signal attenuation varies for each ONU. As a result, the power and level of packets received by an OLT at different timeslots various.
• If the OLT optical modules do not support the burst receive and transmit function, an error occurs when the optical signals sent by Huawei ONU/ONT with a long transmission distance and large optical attenuation are recovered on the OLT because the optical power level is less than thethreshold (only the signals with the optical power level greater than the threshold can be recovered). Dynamic threshold adjustment enables the OLT to dynamically adjust the threshold for optical power levels based on the strengths of signals received by the OLT. This ensures that all ONU signals can be recovered.

Huawei GPON Frame Structure

GPON frame structure

Upstream GPON Frame
An upstream GPON frame has a fixed length of 125 μs. Each upstream frame contains the content carried by one or more T-CONTs. All Huawei ONUs connected to a GPON port share the upstream bandwidth

• All ONUs connected to a GPON port send their data upstream at their own timeslots according to bandwidth map (BWmap) requirements.
• Each ONU reports the status of data to be sent to Huawei OLT using upstream frames. Then, the OLT uses DBA to allocate upstream timeslots to ONUs and sends updates in each frame. 

Downstream GPON Frame
A downstream GPON frame has a fixed length of 125 μs and comprises physical control block downstream (PCBd) and payload. PCBd mainly consists of the GTC header and BWmap. The OLT broadcasts PCBd to all ONUs. Then, the ONUs receive the PCBd and perform operations based on the information contained in PCBd.

• The GTC header is used for frame delimitation, synchronization, and forward error correction (FEC).
• The BWMap field notifies every ONU of upstream bandwidth allocation. It specifies the start and end upstream timeslots for the T-CONTs of each ONU, ensuring that all ONUs send data using the timeslots specified by the OLT like Huawei MA5600T to prevent data conflict.

Configuring IPv6 Services in the FTTB/C (No HGWs) Scenario

Application Scenarios
The FTTB/C (no HGW) networking supports the access of IPv6 HSI services. Generally, no
IPTV services will be deployed when there is no HGW.
As shown in Figure below, the ONU, which is installed in a corridor or street optical
distribution box, transmits services to users through category-5 cables (LAN access) or
twisted pairs (xDSL access). Huawei OLT MA5600T and ONU work with upper-layer devices to support
Huawei DS+NAT+PPPoE/DS+NAT+IPoE HSI IPv6 solutions.

• For voice services: The ONU with a built-in voice module can directly provide VoI services for users. The ONU processes VoIP services using the IPv4 protocol instead of the IPv6 protocol.
• For Internet access services: Users connect to the ONU through category-5 cables (LAN access) or the modem and twisted pairs (xDSL access). The PC and BRAS support the IPv4/IPv6 DS and can be connected in the PPPoE or IPoE mode. Huawei OLT and Huawei ONU implement Layer 2 forwarding, irrespective of whether the access service is IPv4 or IPv6. Service configurations for IPv4 and IPv6 are the same. Only the ACL, anti-IP spoofing, and DHCP option configurations for IPv4 and IPv6 are different

Data Planning
This section describes the security, device management data, QoS, Internet service data, and
voice service data planning.
Security Planning
Security planning includes system security, user security, and service security, ensuring that
user services are provided properly from different dimensions.
In the FTTB/C (no HGW) networking scenario, the data for IPv6 and IPv4 security planning
differs only in anti-IP spoofing and DHCP option.
Anti-IP spoofing: This function needs to be configured separately for IPv6 services.
The anti-IP spoofing function can be enabled or disabled at three levels. This function takes
effect only when it is enabled at all the three levels.
1. Global level: Run the security anti-ipv6spoofing enable command in global config
mode.
2. VLAN level: Run the security anti-ipv6spoofing enable command in VLAN service
profile mode.
3. Service port level: Run the security anti-ipv6spoofing service-port serviceport-id
enable command.
DHCP option: The DHCP option for IPv4 is DHCPv4 option 82 and for IPv6 is DHCPv6
option 18/37.
The DHCPv6 option18 and option37 functions can be enabled or disabled at two levels. This
function takes effect only when it is enabled at both levels.
1. Global level: Run the dhcpv6 option enable command in global config mode.
2. VLAN level: Run the dhcpv6 option enable command in VLAN service profile mode.

IPv6 Configuration on Huawei OLT MA5800

IPv6 Networking

The FTTH IPv6 solution is part of the Huawei fixed broadband solution for IPv6, supporting
the access of the IPv6 high speed Internet (HSI) service and IPTV service.
The Huawei FBB solution for IPv6 includes the following scenarios based on service access
modes. Since "HSI scenario: IPv4/IPv6 DS+PPPoE+L2TP" and "HSI scenario: IPv4/IPv6 DS
+NAT+PPPoE" in this solution are the same as those in Huawei FTTx solution, they are not
elaborated in this document.

• HSI scenario: IPv4/IPv6 DS+NAT+PPPoE
• HSI scenario: IPv4/IPv6 DS+NAT+IPoE
• HSI scenario: IPv4/IPv6 DS+PPPoE+L2TP
• HSI scenario: DS-Lite+PPPoE
• IPTV scenario: IPv4/IPv6 DS+IPoE
• IPTV scenario: IPv4/IPv6 DS+PPPoE

The access network devices still use IPv4, instead of IPv6, to implement voice services.

Configuration Difference Between IPv6 and IPv4

The main configuration difference between the IPv6 and IPv4 services lies in the
configurations on Huawei OLT, MDU, and ONT.

Configuration Differences Between IPv6 and IPv4 on the OLT

Configurations between IPv6 and IPv4 on the OLT vary in the ACL, security feature, and
IPTV multicast service.

ACL
ACL configurations on the OLT are different for IPv6 and IPv4 on the network which runs
both IPv4 and IPv6 services, irrespective of the networking scenarios and service
implementation schemes. When configuring basic and advanced IPv6 ACLs, ensure that the
keyword "ipv6" is included in the configuration command.

Security Feature
Anti-IP spoofing configurations for IPv6 and IPv4 are different on the network which runs
both IPv4 and IPv6 services, irrespective of the networking scenarios and service
implementation schemes. If the IPoE and DHCP protocols are used, DHCP option
configurations for IPv6 and IPv4 are also different.

The IP addresses in anti-IP spoofing configurations are different for the two services.
In the IPv4 configuration, DHCP option is DHCPv4 option 82. In the IPv6
configuration, DHCP option is DHCPv6 option 18/37.
The DHCP option function is used together with the RAIO function, which enables the
Huawei MA5800 MA5600T to include physical information (including RID and CID) of the user, such as the subrack/slot/port. In this way, the BRAS or DHCP server is able to perform user
authentication and tracing. When DHCPv4 is in use, the OLT includes RID and CID to
the option 82 field. When DHCPv6 is in use, the OLT includes the RID to the option 37
field in the DHCPv6 packet and the CID to the option 18 field. The sub option 7 and sub
option 9 functions of DHCPv4 option 82 are not supported by DHCPv6.

IPTV Multicast Service

The IGMP protocol configurations (used to implement the IPTV multicast service) for IPv6
and IPv4 on the OLT are different. IPv4 uses the IGMP protocol while IPv6 uses the MLD
protocol (the IGMP protocol for IPv6). The IPv4 multicast service can share VLANs with the
IPv6 multicast service; therefore, you can deploy the IPv6 multicast service in existing IPv4
MVLANs only by adding IPv6 multicast programs in the IPv4 MVLANs and in right profiles.
The configured parameters such as the bound right profiles and MVLANs can remain
unchanged.

How to adding an ONU to an OLT?

Services can be configured for an ONU only after the ONU is successfully added to an OLT.
Context
When an ONU is added, desired profiles, including the dynamic bandwidth allocation
(DBA) profile, line profile, and alarm profile, must be bound to the ONU. For details
about functions and configuration methods for these profiles
Procedure

Step 1 Configure GPON ONU profiles.
1. Configure a DBA profile.
2. Configure an ONU line profile.
a. Add GPON ONU line profile 10 fttb(c).
b. In the line profile mode, bind the T-CONT to the DBA profile.
c. In the line profile mode, create a GEM port for each T-CONT.
d. Configure mapping between the GEM port and the ONU-side service.
e. After the configuration is completed, run the commit command to make the configured parameters take effect.
3. (Optional) Add an alarm profile.
– The ID of the default Huawei GPON alarm profile is 1. The thresholds for all the alarm parameters in the default alarm profile are 0, which indicates that no alarm is generated.
– In this example, the default alarm profile is used and therefore the configuration of the alarm profile is not required.

Step 2 Add an Huawei ONU to an Huawei OLT.
Assume that the ID of GPON port 0/2/1 is 1, SN is 32303131B39FD641, management mode
is SNMP, and the bound line profile is fttb(c). Connect the ONU to such a GPON port through
the optical splitter.
There are two modes to add an ONT: add an ONT offline and confirm an automatically
discovered ONU.

• Add an ONU offline.
• Confirm an automatically discovered ONU.

1. (Optional) Bind the alarm profile to the ONU.
By default, alarm profile 1 automatically bound to an ONU. A non-default alarm profile
is bound manually only when the default one does not meet the requirement.
In this example, default alarm profile 1 is used and therefore the configuration of the
alarm profile is not required.

Step 3 Check the ONU status.

After Huawei ONU is added, run the display ont info command to query the current status of the
ONU. Ensure that Config flag of the ONU is active, Run State is online, and Config state is

normal.
Follow-up Procedure
When Config state is failed, Run state is offline, or Match state is mismatch:
If Control flag is deactive, run the ont active command in GPON mode to activate the
ONU.
If Run state is offline, a physical line may be broken or the optical module may be
damaged. Check the line and the optical module.
lIf Config state is failed, the configured ONU capability exceeds the actual ONU
capability. In this case, run the display ont failed-configuration command in the
diagnose mode to check the failed configuration item and the failure cause. Then, rectify
the fault accordingly.
If the ONU does not match (Match state is mismatch), the port types and number of
ports do not match the actual port types and number of ports supported by the ONU. In
this case, run the display ont capability command to query the actual capability of the
ONU, and then select one of the following modes to modify the ONU configuration:
– Create a proper ONU profile according to the actual capability of the ONU, and
then run the ont modify command to modify the configuration data of the ONU.
– Modify the ONU profile according to the actual capability of the ONU and save the
modification. Then, the ONU automatically recovers the configuration successfully.

Bridging + Voice ONT Network Scenario (GPON Access)

Service Requirements and Application Scenario
Service Requirements
Optical fibers are connected to user homes and triple play services are required. The following
provides detailed service requirements:
Internet access of multiple PCs in a home is supported.
Access of multiple telephones in a home is supported.
IPTV programs can be previewed and watched using STBs.
Service extension is supported and different services do not affect each other.
Proper service security is ensured.
– Internet access services are protected against unauthorized access, user account
theft or borrowing, MAC/IP spoofing, and malicious attacks.
– Voice and IPTV services are protected against MAC/IP spoofing, malicious attack,
and traffic flooding attacks.
Service faults are easy to locate and services are easy to maintain.
Application Scenario
The bridging+voice ONT like Huawei HG8546M  provides Layer 2 data (Internet and IPTV services) and VoIP services. This scenario provides transparent transmission channels and requires simple service configuration, so this scenario applies to Layer 2 networking.
For Internet services, a PC directly performs dial-up. Then, the upper-layer broadband
remote access server (BRAS) device authenticates and accesses the PC. The PC can also
access the Internet using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) or static IP
address.
For VoIP services, Huawei ONT with a bulit-in voice module encapsulates voice service
packets, and the OLT transmits them to the upstream next generation network (NGN) or
IP multimedia subsystem (IMS).
For IPTV services, the set top box (STB) obtains an IP address from the DHCP server
for ordering programs. The ONT transparently transmits the packets.

Configuration Process

How to enable FTP server on WIN2000 Server?

Issue Description

Q:How to enable FTP server on WIN2000 Server?

Alarm Information

Null

Handling Process

A:
First, since FTP depends on Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS), you must first make sure that IIS is installed or not. If yes, then skip the following part otherwise install it as follows.
I. Installing Internet Information Services
1. Click Start, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.
2. In Control Panel, double-click Add/Remove Programs.
3. Select Add/Remove Windows Components.
4. In the Windows Components Wizard, select Internet Information Services (IIS), and then click Details.
5. Select Common Files, Documentation, File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Server, and Internet Information Services Snap-In, and then click OK.
6. Click Next.
7. If you are prompted to configure Terminal Services, click Next.
8. If you are prompted for a path for a FTP root folder, type a suitable folder path. The default is C:\Inetpub\Ftproot. For additional security, an NTFS drive is preferred. Click OK to continue.
9. When you are prompted, insert the Windows 2000 CD or provide a path to the location of the files, and then click OK.
10. Click Finish.

Second, IIS and the FTP service are now installed, but you must configure the FTP service before you can use it.
II. Configuring the FTP service
1. Click Start, click Programs, click Administrative Tools, and then click Internet Services Manager. (In Windows 2000 Professional, you can access Administrative Tools from Control Panel.)
2. Click the plus sign (+) next to the server name.
3. Right-click Default FTP Site and then click Properties.
4. Click the Security Accounts tab. 
5. Select Allow Anonymous Connections, and then select Allow Only Anonymous Connections.

Note Set appropriate NTFS permissions for the Internet Guest Account. To reduce security issues, consider using Basic Authentication on the FTP site. To do this, clear the Allow Anonymous Connections check box. When you do this, users must log on by using a user name and password that correspond to a valid Windows user account. 
6. Click the Home Directory tab. 
7. Select Read and Log Visits, and clear write. 
8. Click OK to save these settings.

Finally, the server is now configured to accept incoming FTP requests. The files that you want to make available should now be copied into the folder for access.

III. Testing your FTP site
To test the FTP connection from a command prompt:
1.Open a command prompt.
2.Type ftp local host.
3.Type Anonymous for the user.
4.Type your e-mail address for the password.
Or, test the FTP connection from a Web browser:
1.Open up Internet Explorer. 
2.Type ftp://localhost.

Root Cause

Null

Suggestions

    Null

The most popular Huawei S2700EI switch as below:

LS-S2700-9TP-SI-AC

LS-S2700-9TP-PWR-EI

LS-S2700-18TP-SI-AC

LS-S2751-28TP-PWR-EI-AC

Contact information:

Telephone: 852-30623083

Email: Sales@Thunder-Link.com

           Supports@Thunder-link.com            

Website: http://www.thunder-link.com

More related:

MA5600T Series Networking Protection Feature
MA5600T Series Maintenance Feature Glance
MA5600T&MA5603T&MA5608T 10G GPON Feature Glance
How to Configure the H.248-based Voice Service?
How to Login Huawei Equipment Through the Local Serial Port